Writing the Academic Essay - 1531 Words

Writing the Academic Essay For many high school students, the academic essay is an unforgiving monster that terrorizes their campus, a nightmarish beast that can rip the heart out of G.P.A.s and dash all hopes for college admission. Yet, others tame this friend with ease, bending its cruel will to theirs as if it was nothing, as if they possessed a secret weapon. Well, guess what? They do! Successful essayists succeed because they are armed with the exact knowledge of what an essay is and how it is made; they know an essay is an organized group of paragraphs that strongly assert and vividly support a central idea. Further, they know the organization of an academic essay is as easy as one, two, three: the introduction, the body,†¦show more content†¦After the central idea, the essays introduction becomes even more specific and concludes by detailing the sub-topics that will be covered in the paragraphs that follow. This overall organization of related sub-topics is called a thesis statement, and when a writer writes without one he is like a carpenter without a blueprint, or a sailor without a chart. For example, in the last sentence of my introduction to this essay, I said that essays are organized into three parts--introductions, bodies, and conclusions--and that was my thesis statement. Such a clear organizational plan not only helps the writer keep his writing on target, it helps the reader read and remember the essays information. And speaking of information, it is in the essays body that the writer does most of his writing, following his thesis statement and becoming very specific by detailing and developing each sub-topic completely. Naturally then, the body is the longest part of the essay. How long? Well, the minimum length for an academic essay is five paragraphs: one paragraph each for the introduction and conclusion, and a minimum of three paragraphs for the body or middle of the essay. Obviously, in high school term papers and college assignments the body of an essay will expand to include more paragraphs. For example, I wrote an essay one summer that wasShow MoreRelatedWriting an Academic Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesAcademic writing is different from other forms of writing; it is distinctive, clear and concise. This essay will describe the factors that contribute to the credibility of an academic piece of writing, and incorporating them effectively into your own writing. In this essay I will further discuss the following three features to enrich credible academic writing; planning and drafting, critical writing and referencing and plagiarism. With an abundant quantity of literature available, it is importantRead MoreThe Six Steps of Writing an Academic Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesThere are six steps to writing an academic essay. If you follow each of these steps correctly, you will find that you can write university essays that will earn you a distinction (or high distinction) every time. It is simply a matter of understanding what steps to follow, and then completing each of them thoroughly. This article provides an outline and brief description of each of these steps. It is an introduction to a series of articles that will examine each step in more depth. Reading justRead MoreEssay on An Individuals Reflection on Academic Writing 951 Words   |  4 PagesAnother Step of a Long Process: Studying English Academic writing is an art of expressing and transforming thoughts and ideas into physical form to deliver information logically and scientifically. This skill needs to be refined and practiced constantly regularly. After three months of taking ESL 273, I have accumulated various experiences in writing advanced sentences and organizing academic essays which are really necessary for me to perform well in the next English course, ESL 5, as wellRead MoreThe Importance Of Writing An Outstanding Academic Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesnumbers of essays and during that time he will have to overcome a lot of hurdles to accomplish writing an excellent essay. Majority of students hate writing essays because it requires serious intellectual thought and pulling together of ideas. A lot of students will be irritated and have absolutely no interest in creating an essay due to them having no idea on how to start. I m sure things would be easier for students if he had a guideline or pathway built for them on how to create an essay. With someRead MoreEssay on Academic vs Mainstream Writing877 Words   |  4 Pagesten conventions or moves that exist only in academic prose and when violated, author is seen as an outsider of the discourse community. John Swales (â€Å"Create a Research Space† (CARS) Model Research Introductions) and Ken Hyland also talk about writing and the similarities between all academic writing in â€Å"Create a Research Space† (CARS) Model Research Instructions and â€Å"Disciplinary Courses†. Based on research by Swales, Hyland, and Johns on academic writing, and research by Jeanne Fahnestock, CharlesRead MoreEssay about English Academic Writing 750 Words   |  3 Pages It is known that every nation has its own language, customs, cultures and traditions. This may effect the way of thinking or an academic style of reading, writing and another types of an academic style. This essay will evaluate linn,2009 claim that interna tional student must learn a new way of thinking and writing when they come to study in the UK-type academic environment and outline the controversial point that should be considered. Firstly, according to( linn,2009,p.3) English writersRead MoreCritical And Sophisticated Type Of Academic Writing And Can Easily Be Constructed By Breaking Down Its Basic Structure933 Words   |  4 Pages Essays are a comprehensive and sophisticated type of academic writing and can easily be constructed by breaking down its basic structure. A quality essay is one that presents and supports an argument on a particular topic by applying well-constructed research. Writing an academic essay can be a complicated task, but by paying attention to key elements such as structure, content and presentation, the essay will be easy to develop. However incorrect use of these basic steps can lead the paper to lackRead MoreHow Society s Image Of Women Have Changed Over The Past Years905 Words   |  4 Pages I must be an unbendable writing, I am still stuck on the usual middle school â€Å"hamburger multiple paragraph† essay structure. After reading three academic writing essays my ideas of academic writing has not changed. Even though all three types of essays were forms of academic writing, I came across my own theory. Everyone has their own unique way of writing that makes their essay standout to be academic writing. What someone else might think is academic writing another person might not thinkRead MoreComparison Of Thonney, Williams, And Mcenerney1750 Words   |  7 PagesMcEnerney Writing consists of self expression, an outlet of creativity to communicate ideas. An individualism thought, purpose, and goal we are able to carry out towards our intended audience. Writing allows us to credit those who have impacted our lives positively. Furthermore, Academic essay writing is an important and effective piece in one’s life in order to gain knowledge that will allow us to present our ideas clearly and logically. Furthering your education consist of constantly writing papersRead MoreFree Papers1007 Words   |  5 PagesIf you are looking for free academic papers such as free essays, free term papers, free research papers, free dissertations, free book reports/book reviews, free essays, free speeches, there exists a chance of being accused of plagiarism. Free papers downloaded from essay databases and essay sites can be easily detected by plagiarism detection systems and sofwares. You can find a lot of resources and sites with databases of free sample papers and free example papers on any topic. You can use these

A Case Study Of Antwan Elliot - 1183 Words

Abstract This paper discloses a case study of Antwan Elliot. A short account of Antwan’s personal background is provided. The biographical information includes his life experiences from birth to present day. Also, specific narratives of Antwan’s life will be used as examples to ascertain or repudiate the developmental psychological theories of Erik Erikson, Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget. A Case Study of Antwan Elliot Biography Antwan is a 19 year-old African American male. He grew up on the outskirts of downtown Raleigh in a poor neighborhood. Antwan’s father constantly worked to support the family while his older sister took on a motherly role to care for him. His mother was a drug addict and was not allowed to see her children.†¦show more content†¦In accordance to the theory â€Å"completion† of each stage must occur to obtain the characteristics found in a healthy personalities (Santrock, 2014). Disturbances of these stages result in personality diffusion or crisis (Crawford, Cohen, Johnson, Sneed, Brook, 2004). Stage one â€Å"trust vs. mistrust† and stage four â€Å"industry vs inferiority† of Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage one of Erikson’s theory is described as â€Å"trust vs. mistrust.† This stage occurs from birth to year one of a child’s life (Erickson H., 1964). It is obvious that overcoming this developmental crisis is out of the hands of the child at this point in their lives. If there is stable and consistent care, the child will gain a feeling of trust that carries on in relationships later on in life. On the other hand, inconsistency and neglect will instill in the infant a sense of mistrust that carries on in future relationships (Erickson H., 1964). For Antwan there was never a real sense of stability. With his mother out of the picture and his father constantly working, his sister was often the only one to look after him. While his older sister did her best to care for Antwan this care was not always sufficient; often being left alone for hours at a time Antwan suffered from a form of neglect. This has caused several ailments in early childhood. According to

Design Analysis of Automotive Component

Question: You are required to design and develop a standard four door saloon front door Central Door Locking (CDL) latch. Here is your opportunity to apply some of the wide ranging knowledge and skills you have acquired during your degree to find and highlight the links between core knowledge like mechanics, tools like FEA, and the overall design development process. Essentially we want you to: Identify the current legislative requirements for a front door CDL latch. Identify the latch sub-system specifications. Perform 3G calculations (manual or otherwise) to determine the operating forces of the claw / pawl spring(s) for a standard CDL front door latch. Design and model the back-plate and the back-plate housing. Develop the design / packaging in more detail to include the pawl, claw, inside handle and outside handle levers. Apply DFM and DFA principles to your design, use appropriate sketches and discuss how you would manufacture the back-plate and housing. Evidence of engineering design with production intent and analysis is required here. Answer: Introduction: For designing the different locking components used in automobiles and their assembly with the vehicle door. For the automobile door we have the following structure. The door of the automobile is hinged very typically with the pockets of the (or the small slots) for the bolting of the door with that and also the techniques of tracking is used for the door assembly. The structure of the entering and the exiting door is somehow same in the structure. As we know that a vehicles is door in any vehicle plays a very specific role in the automobile. As the door is used to give access the driver and it is used to close in order to make it secure. These doors are opened or closed manually or by connecting the assembly with the electronically powered devices which gives command via using sensors to control the movement of the door. Generally these types of doors can be seen in the very high modified types or in the high end cars. A car door latch generally refers to the mechanical device used to align the door of the automobile in a closed position relative to the vehicle frame work. The major role of the latch is used to perform the lock /unlock and the latch and the unlatch function. For describing the components advanced components which are used in the door like Central Door Locking Latch, are assembled with the door of the automobiles. The inner side of the automobile door is known as car door panel. Here we are just dealing with the CDL mechanism and the basic locking system which are the precise components of the internal component of the door. By the help of the different types latches we can secure the entrance of unauthorized person in the automobiles . If we study for the mechanism then we came to know that latches are nothing but the electrically powered sensors. Door Locking Mechanism: As by the invention of such device it provides facility to the handle of the automobiles to give the motion of the handles of the door ,very smooth going. By the help different handle are fitted with such an ease that it will open or close in the single movement of the hand. For making the vehicle automatically prevented from the unauthorized user we use different latch (or the assembly of such latches is CDL latch).For the designing , manufacturing of the Central Door locking latches used in the locking system . It comprises of different types of the strikers and the latch engagement . Requirements of Components used for designing Central Door Locking latches Striker plates Back plates If we starts for the designing of the Central Door Locking Latches we have to start with the design of the striker plates used in the Locking mechanism. For the preparation of the striker assembly used in the latch engagements of the different types of the engagements which are mounted on the mounted plates. As there is the intersection of the engagement of different latches and the striker plates, a black plate is used. The main purpose of the back plates used here is to provide a huge amount of the structural strength to the base of the striker. And also it helps to save the striker from making the latch firm under the bad working condition or in the overload condition. Striker plates: Striker plates is a main component used in the Central Door Locking Latch , as this is the component having the symmetrical sides which are used to grip the door of the saloon used in the automobile. The main spring used in the locking device adjust the proportion of the latching system. By the help of the striker plates the configured assembly is mounted on the latch mechanism. If we see the exact mechanism of the locking device we can see that a parallel alignment breaker is used. For describing the components advanced components which are used in the door like Central Door Locking Latch, are assembled with the door of the automobiles. The inner side of the automobile door is known as car door panel. Here we are just dealing with the CDL mechanism and the basic locking system which are the precise components of the internal component of the door. By the help of the different types latches we can secure the entrance of unauthorized person in the automobiles. If we study for the mech anism then we came to know that latches are nothing but the electrically powered sensors. For manufacturing the striker plates assembly is used by making it with the mounting plates. For the design of the striker plate we have used different cap weld for holding the springs, back plates and the sensor used in the locking devices of the automobiles. The main part of the strikers assembly and process used for the manufacturing. For the manufacturing of the striker mechanism we used such assembly and the some components. Fig : different components of the striker plates The components used are: Firstly we have two pieces of the contoured type of steel plates used for metal support and Along with this latch system we have used some steel stamping plates, which are bent along the axis lines of the plates. With the use of different back plates back to back alignment to the intersecting it gives striker assembly. By the help of the different striker plates it used perimeter striker plates. The specification of the latch sub system: Latch sub system:- As by the discovery of the latch system in the automobiles it facilitates the movement of the automobile door in the translator motion of the door. In the saloon front of the compartment the door movement is restricted by the hinges provided on the edges of the compartment. For the assembly of the door in the saloon front quadrilateral type or the hexagonal types of the hinges system is used in the locking devices. By the help of such type of one can move the door in the outwardly and the forwardly direction. Thus the motion of the door is propagating in the compound motion towards the door. For describing the components advanced components which are used in the door like Central Door Locking Latch, are assembled with the door of the automobiles. The inner side of the automobile door is known as car door panel. Here we are just dealing with the CDL mechanism and the basic locking system which are the precise components of the internal component of the door. By the help of the differe nt types latches we can secure the entrance of unauthorized person in the automobiles. For describing the components advanced components which are used in the door like Central Door Locking Latch, are assembled with the door of the automobiles. The inner side of the automobile door is known as car door panel. Here we are just dealing with the CDL mechanism and the basic locking system which are the precise components of the internal component of the door. By the help of the different types latches we can secure the entrance of unauthorized person in the automobiles. If we study for the mechanism then we came to know that latches are nothing but the electrically powered sensors. If we study for the mechanism then we came to know that latches are nothing but the electrically powered sensors. Such motion of the latching system is used in the door in order to provide the motion very freely we use the pillars to support the door system. Now in the modern era, the modern type of latching system is used which gives the latch system automatic system and gives the transmission or the operation of the door movement from the button itself present in the dashboard. Generally the latching system used in the locking devices is totally based on the principle of the kinematic linkages system. The primary movement of the door can be adjusted by the door ditching system and release the movement of the door relative to the primary latching engaging pillar and also a detent based system is used to operate the sub-systems of the latching. For the movement of the door by the help of the secondary method used in the door stabilizing latching means comprising two shaft which are rotary bolts journeyed on opposite jamb facing which is used in the door for the latching engagement which are used on the strikers adjustably mounted on the adjacent pillars of the vehicle body. The different technical components used for making locking device: Actuator: These are the electro-mechanical device used for controlling a component of the latch used in the locking system. Analysis of the locks: For making the simulation of the product and the specified condition using different mathematical models algorithm used in the equation. Back door: A door and the different types of the door system used in the locking system of the automobiles can use for the loading and the unloading of the user. Block out: This is a type of the design parameter which is used to make the input device of the user which can be blocked by the preference of the user. Centre hinge: These are a door which support assembly mounted at the rear of the sliding door are neighbored of the middle door height. In hinge of the door it includes the rollers which can run through the centre and the pivot pin which allow the roller to follow the track at when the track turns the curves rapidly inboard as the door reaches the final closed position. Central door locking mechanism: Different types locking system used in the saloon front of the automobile door. For the purpose of such central locking system, a different rod locking devices is used. These types of the locking devices are used with the help kinematics mechanism. The features used for the designing of the kinematics rod locking devices, these are: These types of the locking devices are used to stop and hold the rod of the cylinder under load in the event of air pressure or power failure. For the movement of the rod it is an elastic mechanical devices acting on the brake pads. These types of the locking device are used pressure for the engagement and the disengagement. We just apply the pressure on the system just by pressing the button of the ram. In this type of the locking device it holds and stops the piston of its stroke . By the help of the rod type of the locking device it will allow the maximum allowable cylinder load without drifting in the cylinder. Generally in this type of the locking system it generally stops when in the absence of the air. These type of the locking are used in the bidirectional action. Generally these types of the pads are used in the cast iron types and are made on the concentric rod. Generally these are very simple types of the locking devices , and mounting position and also in the reduced motion. The forces involved in the operating of the locking device In general terms , a quality control of the locking devices is primarily based on the evaluation of the product that specification and the condition imposed at the start of the development phase. The manual construction of the locking device is based on the back plate. The required operation pressure involved in the locking devices Operating pressure: 9 bar max. Disengage pressure: 4 bar (min) , 9 bar (max) Ambient temperature : -5 degree centigrade Claw forces used : 123 N used while in the operation. Holding forces(static) : 40 mm : 1000N / 60 mm : 63 mm : 2300N / 80mm Locking capacity : in such types of the claw type of the disengagement used in the maximum load is Propogates in the bilateral direction. Max allowable Speed : : 553 mm/s The labelling diagram used for the manufacturing and the dimensioning of the locking device. The procedure and the mechanism used in the locking device are given below: The horizontal mounting of the locking device : Generally in the mechanism of the locking devices we used different types of the valves are used . the valves which are used in the 5/3 valve are made up of the with the centre to be open to the centre port . in general type of assembly used in the pressure is maintained on both sides of the cylinder piston and the forces acted on the cylinder are balanced in the piston. The piton used in the cylinder used to disengage the motion of the piston at the time of the accidental movement. For the motion of the locking device the primarily used sensors used in the system is 3/2 NC solenoid valve . The diameter used in the locking devices is primarily based on the study of the material used. Here in the locking device for the fast breaking of the device we generally used in the absence of the air for fast breaking. In the above circuit diagram we have a diagram to use control valves using the 5/3 control valve. By the help of the following control valve we can transmit command from the saloon front just by having a command from the button by the user. In the following type of the circuit diagram we usually perform the valve operation in order to maintain the motion of the locking device. 3D Calculation Used For The Calculation Of The Forces Of The Flaws : The latching system used here needs the calculation of hinge reaction The estimation of the reaction for the hinges can be used by the use of simple physics. For this purpose if we apply force in the same direction for the partially open door of the automobile, then we have to adjust over hand in the non right angle to the door and the torque so produced is very much dependent on the angle between the hand and the door. For calculating the door we have to use the 3D analysis of the door and the length of the lever used for the purpose of torque estimation . For calculating the forces on the flaws of the hinges ,we have the reaction balance analysis. The distance of the hinge from the point of force application is L= r sinà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ³ =f. r sin (torque applied on the hinges of the door) When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ³ goes out to zero then he torque so applied is also zero. By this reason in order to produce the maximum torque the à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ³= 45 degree Dfmea (Design Failur Mode And Effect Analysis) For the product to be in the DFMEA , we have to check every product on the guidelines of the basic structures of the DFMEA . Under these guidelines we have to check each component in the following steps Study of the defect concentrated area Study of the different defect involved in that area. Study to overcome that defect. Implementation of the new study. Final analysis to check the efficient running of the system Potential Failure Mode : This is the section of the DFMEA under which we start with different points in the designing and in the manufacturing of any product for which the possibility of the failure is very .after the complete analysis of the failure , then there is a brain storming of the team under which the whole process is going to held. This mode is used just to check for the deficiencies in the system. The procedure used for the potential failure mode are as follows: Checking for the product and the system where the failure had happened. Now comparison of the efficiency from the failure data to the bench marked data found from the organization. Application of different technical methods on the defected component. After the calculation of the values of the error ,step taken to remove that defect from the system. After performing this analysis we starts for the failure effect analysis. Failure Effect(FE) Analysis: These is the heading under which we will discuss on the outcomes and the effect produced due to failure in the system or in the component , by the pre found errors with the team members and make a suitable solution for that . And the elimination method which we going to used for eliminating the failures in the products . The steps taken under this are as follows: Firstly to check the point where the occurrence of the failure is very high. To review the each and every corresponding effect of the design. To mark the priorities to handle the deficiencies and the flaws in the design. To make each and every method by brain storming to eliminate the occurred error in the system. After proposing any method to remove error in the system, implementation of the method on the planned system. Synthetic cost analysis for the CDL Latch device used in the front of the saloon door. Under this head we have the basic evaluation of the different cost evolved in the process. These are: Firstly creating the block diagram showing the whole system analysis. Identify the different component and the cost evolved in the process. No of member and the strength of equipment used in the process. Boundary analysis of the cost by evaluating the total cost involved. At last profit incurred in the whole process. Design and modelling of the back plate and the back plate device. The back plate are the component used in the locking devices used to support the movement of the door and the step controllers used in the locking device. The locking device which are primarily used in the front door opening . in the front door opening of the saloon of the compartment used to deprive the motion of the door . in such type of the opening system the back plates are used which are having the same the clearance in the motion . the primarily door of the saloon supports inner hinges 24 and also the 3G cooperate with the intermediate outwards mounted control hinges . The quadrilateral swinging bar linkages are used in the back plate system. The back plate system which supports the motion in the linkage of the locking device. The main purpose of using the back plates system is that is gives the perfect base to the locking device in the back plates system. Design and packaging of the locking device : The main component of the devices used in the Central Door Locking. Base plate vs. catch /pawl rivet Catch Rivet Vs Catch Pawl Vs Pawl Rivet Top plate Vs Catch /Pawl Rivet The solid work analysis of the locking device shows different components of the CDL locking device , the main parts used in the locking used are the metal crossed plates and the high tension spring and the valve system used in the locking system. The lever used for the locking system is used for propagating the high mechanical advantage . The manual construction of tolerance check list only deals with worst case of the analysis . In the locking device used the motion is generally used to the length and diameter dimension. Side door latch protects the vehicles occupants from being ejected from the door which have the designation to motion while in the accidents . the main task of the pawls and the claws used to the locking system . The riveting which is done on the back plate of the latch system is much more strength with the weld used in the device . The intent of this work was to redesign the front saloon of the automobile. Apply DFM and DFA principles to your to design The application of the DFM (design for manufacturability) are the design analysis which are used in the designing of the components . Under this head the tolerance is stack up and the reading used by the manufacturer in order to manufacture the components is full of the tolerance and the allowances . The design analysis used to make the components . The assembly variation for inside release of the outside release the latch with the tolerances 1.5 mm compared to that of the outside release of the latch which was determined with the 1mm . The main analysis of the DFM on the Central Door Locking comprises the following terms: In the analysis of the components by the help of DFM , the main analysis and the study of the components is used to check for the clearance and the tolerances. DFA (design for the Analysis) : The design for analysis is used in the analysis is used generally done in the analysis of the design . In the design analysis , the tolerance is used for the analysis of component which is done upto the extent of the design . in the designing analysis of the component the maintaining government standards is used to maintain the original equipment manufacturer . The design for analysis amd the assembly guidelines were directly and the indirectly applied to redesign of the component . The following objectives were establishment for the redesign of the component. Fastening process were eliminated. Stopper feature on the top plate was eliminated. Double sign riveting process was designed . Functional improvement was improved by the analysis of the component The manufacturing procedure of the back plate and the back plate housing are Back plate: while manufacturing of the back plates used in the locking devices has a wide variety manufacturing system. Back plates are generally have a contour on the edges so for the manufacturing of the plate firstly we used the have a sniping process then after this the metal is cut with the prescribed limits then with the help of the bending mold it is bend to prescribed limits. And in the back plates in order to reduce the stress concentration factor of the sharp edges we reduce it to by greater extent back with the grinder plates. Then process here is done to make the plate free from the sharp edges. While the manufacturing of the these type of the plates, the clearance used by the manufacturer is prescribed by the manufacturer . Under this head we gone through the overall production of the component from the base scrape to the finished good. Conclusion: In the study in the analysis of the CDL latch (Central Door Locking) by this it gives equivalent alteration of the motion of the doors and the smooth motion of the door . By the use of the different latching system used in the door front of the saloon front , it makes the door system free from jamming while through the accidents . This invention CDL latch is not limited to the generally orthogonal arrangement of the intersecting plates of the striker assembly. We can also use other type of the latch striker which can make the effect of the locking system smooth and abrupt to use . The use of the spring and the catridge sytem gives the latching a technique to align the door and make the procedure free from flaws and the jamming problem. References: - BERK, J. Systems failure analysis In-text: (Berk, 2009) Bibliography: Berk, J. (2009). Systems failure analysis. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. BOONPAN, A. AND BUREERAT, S. Multi-stage design of an automotive component In-text: (Boonpan and Bureerat, 2012) Bibliography: Boonpan, A. and Bureerat, S. (2012). Multi-stage design of an automotive component. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 60(1/2), p.84. BOUKHAROUBA, T., ELBOUJDAINI, M. AND PLUVINAGE, G. Damage and fracture mechanics In-text: (Boukharouba, Elboujdaini and Pluvinage, 2009) Bibliography: Boukharouba, T., Elboujdaini, M. and Pluvinage, G. (2009). Damage and fracture mechanics. [Dordrecht]: Springer. BAJPAI, R. P., CHANDRASEKHAR, U. AND ARANKALLE, A. R. Innovative design, analysis and development practices in aerospace and automotive engineering In-text: (Bajpai, Chandrasekhar and Arankalle, n.d.) Bibliography: Bajpai, R., Chandrasekhar, U. and Arankalle, A. (n.d.). Innovative design, analysis and development practices in aerospace and automotive engineering. BUCIUMEANU, M., MIRANDA, A., PINHO, A. AND SILVA, F. Design improvement of an automotive-formed suspension component subjected to fretting fatigue In-text: (Buciumeanu et al., 2007) Bibliography: Buciumeanu, M., Miranda, A., Pinho, A. and Silva, F. (2007). Design improvement of an automotive-formed suspension component subjected to fretting fatigue. Engineering Failure Analysis, 14(5), pp.810-821. CAO, M., WANG, K. W., FUJII, Y. AND TOBLER, W. E. Development of a Friction Component Model for Automotive Powertrain System Analysis and Shift Controller Design based on Parallel-Modulated Neural Networks In-text: (Cao et al., 2005) Bibliography: Cao, M., Wang, K., Fujii, Y. and Tobler, W. (2005). Development of a Friction Component Model for Automotive Powertrain System Analysis and Shift Controller Design based on Parallel-Modulated Neural Networks. J. Dyn. Sys., Meas., Control, 127(3), p.382. CAPUTO, M. AND ZIRPOLI, F. Supplier involvement in automotive component design: outsourcing strategies and supply chain management In-text: (Caputo and Zirpoli, 2002) Bibliography: Caputo, M. and Zirpoli, F. (2002). Supplier involvement in automotive component design: outsourcing strategies and supply chain management. 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Production Possibility Curve free essay sample

Each point on the production possibilities curves represents some maximum satisfaction or outcome of two products. The graph shows that the customers must either choose which product suits their desires. More cars means less food and vice versa. This will therefore indicate that the total supplies of resources are limited, thus the total amounts of cars and food that our economy is capable of producing are limited. Limited resources mean a limited satisfaction. A choice must be made to as what quantities of each product do the customers want to be produced. This shows us that the customers cannot have maximum satisfaction of both cars and food to satisfy their wants and this is shown on the Graph Opportunity Cost When resources are scarce, the decision to produce a particular good or service involves an opportunity cost, the sacrifice of a good or service that might have been produced instead. Opportunity cost describes the fact that when we employ resources in a particular way, we are not making a decision to produce these goods or services but we are also deciding not to produce some other goods or services. We will write a custom essay sample on Production Possibility Curve or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The fact that we decide not to produce is the opportunity cost of what we do produce. For example, a farmer has one acre of land suitable for growing either corn or potatoes. If the farmer plants the corn, the opportunity cost of the corn is equal to one acre of potatoes, because resources are limited; the production of any good